Section a: Estimated illegal population on USA map
Section b: World map by main export commodity of each country
Section c: USA event
1898
The Spanish–American War was an armed conflict between Spain and the United States after the internal explosion of USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of Independence leading to the U.S. acquisition of Spain's Pacific possessions.
Section d: world event
460 – 370 BC
Hippocrates was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles (Classical Greece), who is considered one of the most important figures in the history of medicine and often referred to as the "Father of MedicineSection e: Athens and Rome
Athens Facts
1.
Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece
, is one of the world's oldest cities with its recorded history spanning over
3,400 years and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th
and 7th millennium BC.
2.
According to an ancient Greek myth Athens
got its name from Athena, the goddess of wisdom who is regarded to be the
patron of the city because, as the story goes, Athena's gift of olive tree to
the city was deemed to be more valuable than the salt water spring offered by
Posedion, the God of sea.
3.
Democracy was first introduced in Athens in 508
BC guided by Solon (630 – c. 560 BC), a reformist, statesman, lawmaker and
poet and led by Cleisthenes, a lawgiver. It was a direct democracy system, in
which eligible citizens directly voted on laws. The existence of Ecclesia or
the principal assembly of the Democracy in Aristotle's
"Constitution of the Athenians" is the proof of the fact. It is
often stated as the first known democracy in the world.
4.
During its known history spanning near about
4,000 years, Athens has experienced almost every form of government, such as
monarchy, democracy, socialism, capitalism, even communism.
5.
The first Olympic Games were held in 776 B.C. in
Olympia, not in Athens, but the city-state of Athens also had its own
games, called the Panathenaic Games, since 566 B.C. However, Athens hosted the
first modern Olympic Games in 1896. The opening and closing ceremonies
were held in the Panathenaic Stadium of Athens (Kallimarmaron), the oldest in
the world, dates back to the 4th century BC. It is the only stadium
in the world built entirely of marble.
6.
In the northern suburb of Maroussi, the upgraded
main Olympic Complex (known by its Greek acronym OAKA) is considered to
be one of the biggest and most modern indoor sports arena in all of Europe.
7.
In July 1977 was recorded a temperature of 48.0
°C in Athens. It was the highest temperature ever being recorded in Europe.
8.
Athens is Greece’s second capital city.
Following the Greek War of Independence (by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman
Empire between 1821 and 1830) and the establishment of the Greek Kingdom,
Athens was chosen as its capital in 1834. Prior to that the capital of
Greek State was Nafplio.
9.
The Parthenon (447 BC to 338 BC) is the central
city landmark in the Acropolis. This sacred historic temple had to
undergo several adverse situations during its lifetime. At one time, the
temple was used as a storage for munitions, for some time converted into a
church, then a mosque, and it was plundered by former Ambassador to Constantinople
Lord Elgin. It was also used as army camps and was under siege by the
Venetians in 1687 which caused destruction of monuments.
10. During
construction of the Athens Metro prior to 2004 Olympic Games, digging of earth
in the Athens area led to the greatest archaeological excavation of over 50,000
artifacts. Some of them have been displayed in six metro stations.
11. Athens
is famous for its heterogeneous style of architecture ranging from ancient
Greco-Roman to Neoclassical and modern and is a world centre of archaeological
research. Along with national institutions, such as the Athens University and
the Archaeological Society, there are multiple renowned archaeological Museums
including the National Archaeological Museum, the Cycladic Museum, the Epigraphic
Museum, the Byzantine & Christian Museum, as well as museums at the ancient
Agora, Acropolis, Kerameikos, and the Kerameikos Archaeological Museum.
12. The
marathon run was introduced in ancient Greece to commemorate the
run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides (also known as Philippides) from Marathon
to Athens to report the Athenians’ victory against the Persians in 490
B.C.
Rome Facts
1.
Although, according to the Roman mythology, the
foundation of Rome was at around 753 BC, archaeological evidences suggest
human occupation of the Rome area from approximately 10000-14,000 years
ago. Thus, it is one of the oldest continuously occupied sites in
Europe.
2.
The Vatican City (the smallest country in the
world, is an independent papal country inside the city boundaries of Rome) is
the only existing example of a country within a city. For this reason, Rome has
been often defined as capital of two states. It is also the capital of Lazio
region of which it is a province.
3.
Modern Rome has as many as 280 fountains and
more than 900 churches.
4.
Nearly 700,000 euros worth of coins are tossed
by tourists into Trevi Fountain in the city each year. The proceeds are donated
to Caritas, a Catholic social service organisation, to help the poor and
needy people.
5.
The proverb “All roads lead to Rome” owes
its creation to the fact that the Romans had built a huge road network of
53,000 miles by the early fourth century and each mile (4800 feet in Roman
measurement) thereof was marked by a milestone.
6.
In Ancient Rome, only free men could wear togas,
a sign of Roman citizenship. Women used to wear stoles, the female version of
togas, made of linen.
7.
The mascot of Rome is a she-wolf that said to
have cared for brothers Romulus and Remus, the mythological founders of Rome.
8.
Rome was made the capital city of unified Italy
in 1870, shifting it from Florence.
9.
There is a Law in Rome that allows cats to live
without disruption in the place they were born. Many wild cats can be seen
climbing the walls of the Colosseum unperturbed, and even sleeping among the
ruins of the Forum.
10. Women
in ancient Rome used to dye their hair with goat fat and beech wood
ashes. Red and blond were most popular colors.
11. The
first ever shopping mall was built in Rome between 107 and 110 AD by Emperor
Trajan, where a wide variety of goods and grocery items were sold.
12. Rome’s
first university, La Sapienza, established in 1303 AD, is the largest in Europe
and the second largest in the world with more than 140,000 students attending.
13. Rome's
major libraries include the Biblioteca Angelica, opened in 1604, making it
first public library in Europe.
14. Rome
has a museum dedicated entirely to pasta, its iconic cruisine.
15. St
Peter’s basilica (1506-1626) inside Vatican City is the most renowned work of
Renaissance architecture and the largest church in the world.
16. It
is estimated that over 500,000 people and 1 million wild animals were killed in
the battles held at the Colosseum in ancient Rome till 435 AD when the last
documented gladiator fight took place.
17. Rome
is called "The Eternal City" (the term was first coined by the
Roman poet Tibullus in the 1st century BC). Rome is also called the
"Caput Mundi" (meaning Capital of the World).
1
1.
Section f: quiz
Q:
What is the process by which bones are turned into stone is called?
Whose trademark is the operating system UNIX?
A:
Petrification
Bell Laboratories
